Kiribati

Note taking:  Kiribati & climate change

Issues:

      Over population

      Rising sea levels

      More violent weather

      Storms wash away part of the island

      Lack of fresh water supply

Causes are:

      Climate change

      Pollution

      Soil degradation

      Erosion

      Storm surges

      And drought

Coral atoll containing 33 islands. 100 000 people live there.

The average height above sea level is less than 2m

They produced that their country will be under water by 2030!!!

It is hard for them to grow any food due to salivation. As when the water rises they receive salt in their crops!!!

The county will be uninhabitable long before it is sunk underwater.

All the water comes from underground. This means that all the waste for the land will seep into the underground water that they use and contaminate this.

The government is training his people to leave the country. Through education and training programs.

Other governments are providing education for this country. Australia has provided money for their country to receive some medical and nurse training.

Kiribati is a very Christian county.

Notes on: Tuberculosis Kiribati

300 people per 100000 people in Kiribati have tuberculosis. The world health organisation’s sees an issue if there is over 25 per 100000. Kiribati is well over this limit. The diseases are spread by coughing. This is a huge problem as Kiribati is overcrowded and disease spreads quickly. On average there are over 13people per household. There are 4 specials nurses who are dedicated to going out and identify people diagnosed with tuberculosis. They are funded by the Australian health organisation.

These nurses make sure these people receive help and isolate them while they receive help. So that they cannot give the disease to more people. Australian is also helping to build a lab and a pharmacy.  This is thought to decrease this problem by 30%.

note taking: Wheelcharis

Wheelchairs for students with special needs in kiribati, Australia volenteers international

Note taking:  Nurses of Kiribati

the kiribis austraian nurses enisiative, are allowing some students from Kiribati to undertake a nursing degree at the university in Brisbane. this project is founded by Oz aid. the nursing program is in response to climte change. it is so that they can help their community nd if the need occurs they can migrate with some skills at hand. so that they are useful to the country they migrate too. the nurses recieve 4 months of training in Kiribati and then more training in Brisbain at the university of Grithif. the Kiribati people are training their citizens as Nurses as their are not enough nurses all over the world.

India

1.    What are the recent achievements and challenges of our country?

India has some frequent natural disasters, with such a large population; this means that lots of Indian’s are affected. Although India has a good system for responding to the disasters when they occur.  Cyclones occur in the bay of

Bengal, and they get damaging earthquakes in the central northern area.

 Deforestation, river and air pollution are major pressures on the environment.

2.   How does poverty affect people in our country?

Poverty affects people in india through disease . there is a high risk of people in india getting a disease. food or waterborne diseases in india are bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever . Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

3.    How are people represented in the media in our country?

Poor people from India are represented in the media as people with unlucky circumstances as many are without adequate access to fresh water, food, shelter and medical procedures. This is shown to make people aware the poverty in the world. Indian people are also shown in the media to promote people donating to poverty organisations.

Poor people in India are not respected as well as the wealthy people in the media as they are seen as the lower class even through the poor people live in the same country as the expats and wealthy people so in the media often poor people are seen as second class citizens.

4.   How does the government support health and education?

The government has initiated various programs to improve health but India still suffers from health problems linked to poverty, malnutrition, rapid population growth, environmental pollution and neglect of children and women's well being. Life expectancy is about 70 years.

The average income is over three quarters of the population live on less than US $2 a day.

66% of Adults can read and write in India.

% of mobile phones is available to people in India.

The Government spends --- on Education in India per year

1.    What are the aid organisations doing to assist poor people in our country?

World Vision, Caritas, Red Cross, Oxfam and the Catholic Church

2.   How does trade assist our country

The United States of America and China are India’s biggest trading partners. Other major trading partners include United Arab Emirates, Singapore, Germany and Australia. Indian exports mainly are petroleum projects, textiles, gems and jewellery, engineering goods, chemicals and leather manufactures. Indian imports include crude oil, fertilisers, machinery, gems, fertilizer and chemicals. The major Australian export items to India are coal, gold, copper ore and fertilisers; Australia imports electric parts, pearls, gems and medicines from India as well.

3.    What is the average income (GPD per capital (PPP us$))?

4.   What percentages of people live below the national poverty line?

25% of Indies population are living below the poverty.

5.    What percentage of children attends primary school?

Primary education is compulsory in India, but only 66% of adults are literate and there is a big difference between males and females (male: 76.9% and female: 54.5%). This shows males are getting a better education than females.

6.    What percentage of adults can read (adult literacy rate)?

7.    What percentage of people has access to clean water (access to improved drinking water source)?

There are 128 million people living in India with no drinking water.

8.   12zWhat percentage of people has access to sanitation?

The there are 660 million people without access to sanitation in India which is 57%. So there are only 33% of people with access to sanitation.

9.    How old can children expect to live to (What is the life expectancy at birth)?

10.How many mobile (cellular) phones are available per 1000 people?

257.91 Per 1,000 people 

11.  How many internet users?

There are about 52 million uses but compared with the population of India which is 1,155,347,678, it is extremely low.

1.    What percentage of income is owned by the least wealthy 20% of households?

2.   How big is the gap between these the richest and poorest?

 The gap between rich and poor is massive. There is not equality and it is not a fair country. There are very rich places and people in India but there are extremely poor people in India as well. There are shanty towns as well as palaces which are not right and needs to be changed. The gap between rich and poor is huge.

Lowest 10% of money earned: 3.6% of the population-4159251641

Highest 10% of money earned: 31.1% of the population (2005)-3.593131279

3.    How much does the government spend on health?

4.   How much does the government spend on education?

India spends $980 000

poverty cycle

Poverty cycle

The cycle of poverty has been described as a phenomenon where poor families, become trapped in poverty for generations because they have no or limited access to critical recourses, such as:

·      Educational and

·      Financial services

Subsequent generations are also impoverish

There are multiple cycles of poverty – based on and among other things

·      Economic

·      Social

·      Spiritual and

·       geographical factors

many cycles overlap or perpuate new cycles and therefore any attempt to decipict the cycle of poverty will be far more simplistic than realistic

the figure below shows in very simple form how the cycle of poverty related to hunger keeps a person or household poor in one of the worlds developing countries

in september 2000 kofi annan former general secretary of the united nations. suggested that the world leaders could do something to end world povery. 189 counties agreed that by september 2015 they would acieve 8 goals in that direction. which are

1. eradicate extreme hunger and poverty
2. achieve universal primary education
3. promote gender equality and empower women
4. reduce child mortality
5. improve maternal health
6. combat diseases hiv/aids, malaria and others
7. ensure enviromental sustainability
8. develop a global partener ship for development